The Petersburg Campaign was a series of battles during the American Civil War, lasting from June 1864 to March 1865. It involved the Union forces, led by General Ulysses S. Grant, attempting to capture the Confederate city of Petersburg, Virginia. This city was crucial for supplying the Confederate capital of Richmond. The campaign featured trench warfare, with both sides digging extensive fortifications. The prolonged siege resulted in significant casualties and resource depletion for the Confederates. Ultimately, the fall of Petersburg led to the evacuation of Richmond and contributed to the end of the Civil War.