The term "Peshwa" refers to the chief minister or prime minister in the historical context of the Maratha Empire in India. The Peshwa was responsible for the administration and governance of the empire, often acting as the de facto leader, especially during the 18th century when the Maratha power was at its peak. The most notable Peshwa was Baji Rao I, who expanded the empire significantly through military conquests. The position of Peshwa became hereditary, and subsequent Peshwas, such as Balaji Baji Rao (Nana Baji Rao), played crucial roles in shaping the political landscape of India during their time.