Perlite is a naturally occurring volcanic glass that is expanded by heating. When heated to high temperatures, it expands and becomes lightweight, making it an excellent material for various applications. It is commonly used in gardening and horticulture as a soil amendment to improve aeration and drainage. In addition to its use in gardening, perlite is also utilized in construction and insulation. Its lightweight and fire-resistant properties make it suitable for use in concrete and as an insulating material in buildings. Overall, perlite is valued for its versatility and effectiveness in enhancing both soil and building materials.