Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, commonly known as Periyar, was an Indian social reformer and activist born on September 17, 1879, in Tamil Nadu. He is best known for his efforts to promote rationalism, self-respect, and social equality, particularly for the marginalized communities in India. Periyar founded the Self-Respect Movement in 1925, which aimed to empower individuals by challenging caste discrimination and advocating for women's rights. Periyar was also a vocal critic of Hindu orthodoxy and religious practices that he believed perpetuated social injustice. He established the Dravidar Kazhagam political party in 1944, which focused on the rights of the Dravidian people. His legacy continues to influence social and political movements in Tamil Nadu and beyond.