Pericles was a prominent leader of ancient Athens during its Golden Age, particularly in the 5th century BCE. He is best known for his role in developing democracy and promoting arts and culture. Under his leadership, the famous Parthenon was built, symbolizing the power and beauty of Athens. Pericles believed in the importance of civic participation, encouraging citizens to engage in politics and public life. His era, often referred to as the Age of Pericles, saw significant advancements in philosophy, drama, and architecture. Great thinkers like Socrates and playwrights like Sophocles flourished during this time. Pericles' vision helped shape the foundations of Western civilization, leaving a lasting legacy that continues to influence modern society.