Performance Profiling is the process of measuring and analyzing the performance of a system, application, or piece of code. It helps identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and areas for improvement by collecting data on resource usage, execution time, and other performance metrics. This information is crucial for developers to optimize their software and enhance user experience. By using various tools and techniques, such as profilers and performance monitoring software, developers can visualize how their code behaves under different conditions. This allows them to make informed decisions about where to focus their optimization efforts, ultimately leading to faster and more efficient applications.