Performance optimization refers to the process of improving the efficiency and speed of a system, application, or process. This can involve various techniques, such as refining code, enhancing algorithms, or upgrading hardware. The goal is to ensure that resources are used effectively, leading to faster response times and better overall performance. In the context of software development, performance optimization can significantly enhance user experience. For instance, by optimizing a website, developers can reduce loading times, making it more enjoyable for visitors. Similarly, optimizing a database can lead to quicker data retrieval, benefiting both users and businesses by increasing productivity.