Perchlorate is a chemical compound that contains chlorine and oxygen, commonly found in solid rocket propellants, explosives, and some fertilizers. It is known for its ability to disrupt thyroid function by interfering with iodine uptake, which is essential for hormone production. In the environment, perchlorate can contaminate water supplies, primarily through runoff from military sites and manufacturing facilities. Due to its persistence in the environment, regulatory agencies monitor its levels to protect public health and ensure safe drinking water.