"Pax Britannica" refers to a period of relative peace and stability in Europe and the world, primarily during the 19th century, when the British Empire was at its height. This era, lasting from around 1815 to 1914, was marked by British dominance in global trade, politics, and military power. The term translates to "British Peace," highlighting how Britain's influence helped to reduce large-scale conflicts among major powers. During the Pax Britannica, the British Empire expanded significantly, controlling vast territories across Africa, Asia, and the Americas. This expansion facilitated the spread of industrialization, colonialism, and Western culture, while also leading to significant social and economic changes in both colonized regions and Britain itself.