Patna is the capital city of the Indian state of Bihar. It is located on the southern bank of the Ganges River and has a rich history that dates back over 2,500 years. Patna was known as Pataliputra in ancient times and served as a major center for trade and culture during the Maurya and Gupta empires. Today, Patna is a bustling urban center with a population of over 1.6 million people. The city is known for its educational institutions, including Patna University, and historical sites such as the Golghar and the Mahavir Mandir. Patna plays a significant role in the economy and politics of Bihar.