Pathogen recognition is the process by which the immune system identifies harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses. Specialized cells in the body, like macrophages and dendritic cells, have receptors that can detect unique features of these pathogens. When they recognize these invaders, they trigger an immune response to eliminate them. This recognition is crucial for protecting the body from infections. The immune system uses various strategies, including the release of cytokines and the activation of T cells and B cells, to fight off the pathogens. By effectively recognizing and responding to threats, the body can maintain its health and prevent disease.