Cytokines are small proteins that play a crucial role in the immune system. They act as signaling molecules, helping cells communicate with each other during immune responses. When the body detects an infection or injury, cytokines are released to coordinate the activities of various immune cells, such as T cells and B cells, to fight off pathogens and promote healing. These proteins can have different effects depending on their type and the context in which they are released. Some cytokines promote inflammation, which helps to isolate and eliminate harmful invaders, while others can reduce inflammation to aid in recovery. Overall, cytokines are essential for maintaining a balanced immune response.