Adaptive immunity is a specialized part of the immune system that develops over time to protect the body from specific pathogens, like viruses and bacteria. Unlike the innate immune system, which provides immediate but general defense, adaptive immunity learns and remembers past infections. This means that if the body encounters the same pathogen again, it can respond more quickly and effectively. The key players in adaptive immunity are B cells and T cells. B cells produce antibodies that target specific invaders, while T cells help destroy infected cells or coordinate the immune response. This tailored approach allows the body to build a stronger defense against future infections.