Parallel Programming is a computing technique that allows multiple processes to run simultaneously, improving the efficiency and speed of tasks. By dividing a large problem into smaller, manageable parts, these parts can be processed at the same time on different processors or cores, making better use of available resources. This approach is particularly useful in fields like scientific computing, data analysis, and machine learning, where large datasets and complex calculations are common. By leveraging multi-core processors or distributed computing systems, parallel programming can significantly reduce the time required to complete computational tasks.