A pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale, affecting a large number of people across multiple countries or continents. It typically spreads easily from person to person, often through respiratory droplets, contaminated surfaces, or other means. Examples of pandemics include the 1918 influenza pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemics can have significant impacts on public health, economies, and daily life. Governments may implement measures such as travel restrictions, social distancing, and vaccination campaigns to control the spread of the disease. The response to a pandemic often involves collaboration among health organizations, governments, and communities to protect public health.