Pablo Pizarro is a notable figure in the history of Spanish exploration. Born in 1478, he played a crucial role in the conquest of the Inca Empire in present-day Peru. Pizarro led several expeditions that ultimately resulted in the Spanish colonization of the region, significantly impacting the indigenous population and culture. Pizarro is best known for capturing the Inca emperor Atahualpa in 1532, which marked a turning point in the conquest. His actions led to the establishment of Lima, the capital of Peru, in 1535. Pizarro's legacy is complex, as he is both celebrated for his exploration and criticized for his role in the destruction of native civilizations.