The overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy occurred in 1893 when a group of American and European businessmen, supported by the U.S. government, staged a coup against Queen Liliʻuokalani. The queen had attempted to implement a new constitution to restore power to the monarchy, which alarmed the business interests that favored a more pro-American government. Following the coup, a provisional government was established, leading to the eventual annexation of Hawaii by the United States in 1898. This event marked the end of the Hawaiian monarchy, which had ruled the islands since the early 19th century, and significantly altered the political landscape of Hawaii.