Otto Warburg was a German physiologist and biochemist born in 1883. He is best known for his research on cellular respiration and metabolism, particularly the role of oxygen in the process. Warburg discovered that cancer cells often rely on fermentation rather than oxidative phosphorylation for energy, a phenomenon now known as the Warburg effect. His work laid the foundation for understanding how cancer cells behave differently from normal cells. In 1931, Warburg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries related to cellular respiration. Throughout his career, he published numerous scientific papers and contributed significantly to the fields of biochemistry and cancer research. Warburg's findings continue to influence modern studies on metabolism and cancer treatment.