Oscan refers to the ancient language spoken by the Osci, a people who lived in southern Italy during the first millennium BCE. This language is part of the Italic group, which also includes Latin and Umbrian. Oscan was primarily used in inscriptions and is known from various archaeological finds, including pottery and stone tablets. The Oscan language is significant for understanding the cultural and historical context of the Samnite tribes, who were prominent in the region. Although it eventually declined with the rise of Roman influence, Oscan provides valuable insights into the linguistic diversity of ancient Italy and the interactions between different cultures.