Operation Mercury was the code name for the German airborne invasion of the island of Crete during World War II. Launched on May 20, 1941, it aimed to capture the strategically important island and eliminate British forces stationed there. The operation involved a large-scale deployment of Fallschirmjäger, or paratroopers, who landed on key locations across Crete. Despite initial successes, the operation faced fierce resistance from Allied troops, including British, Australian, and New Zealand forces. The heavy casualties suffered by the German paratroopers marked a turning point in airborne operations, leading to a more cautious approach in future military campaigns. Ultimately, Crete fell to German control by June 1, 1941.