One-dimensional materials are substances that have a structure limited to a single dimension, typically at the atomic or molecular level. These materials can exhibit unique electrical, optical, and mechanical properties due to their reduced dimensionality. Examples include carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons, which are known for their exceptional strength and conductivity. The properties of one-dimensional materials arise from quantum effects that dominate their behavior. Their narrow structure allows for enhanced electron mobility and can lead to applications in nanoelectronics, sensors, and energy storage. Research in this field continues to explore new materials and potential uses in advanced technologies.