"One Country, Two Systems" is a principle designed to maintain the distinct social and economic systems of Hong Kong and Macau while they are part of China. This framework allows these regions to retain their own legal systems, currencies, and freedoms, differing from the socialist system of mainland China. Implemented after the handover of Hong Kong in 1997 and Macau in 1999, the policy aims to ensure stability and prosperity in these areas. It was intended to preserve their unique cultural identities and governance structures for 50 years, until 2047 for Hong Kong and 2049 for Macau.