Olea europaea, commonly known as the olive tree, is a small evergreen tree native to the Mediterranean region. It typically grows to a height of 8 to 15 meters and has silvery-green leaves. The tree is well-adapted to dry, rocky soils and can live for hundreds of years, making it a symbol of longevity and peace. The olive tree produces small, oval fruits called olives, which are harvested for their oil and as table olives. Olive oil, a staple in Mediterranean cuisine, is known for its health benefits, including high levels of monounsaturated fats and antioxidants.