Oil-based mud (OBM) is a type of drilling fluid used in the oil and gas industry. It consists of a base oil, typically mineral oil or synthetic oil, mixed with various additives to enhance its properties. OBM is known for its ability to lubricate the drill bit, reduce friction, and stabilize the wellbore, making it effective in challenging drilling conditions. One of the main advantages of oil-based mud is its superior performance in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. It helps prevent wellbore collapse and minimizes fluid loss into the surrounding rock formations. However, the use of OBM raises environmental concerns due to the potential for oil spills and contamination.