Oil companies are businesses involved in the exploration, extraction, refining, and distribution of crude oil and natural gas. They play a crucial role in the global energy market, providing fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation. Major oil companies, often referred to as "supermajors," include ExxonMobil, Shell, and BP. These companies operate in various regions around the world, often engaging in complex operations that require significant investment and technology. They also face challenges such as fluctuating oil prices, environmental regulations, and the transition to renewable energy sources.