The oil and gas industry is a global sector that explores, extracts, refines, and distributes fossil fuels. These resources are primarily used for energy production, heating, and as raw materials for various products, including plastics and chemicals. The industry plays a crucial role in the world economy, providing jobs and contributing to energy security. This industry is divided into three main segments: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The upstream sector focuses on exploration and production, while the midstream involves transportation and storage. The downstream sector deals with refining and selling products to consumers, making it essential for everyday life.