OCA1A, or Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1A, is a genetic condition characterized by a lack of melanin production in the skin, hair, and eyes. This condition is caused by mutations in the TYR gene, which is essential for the production of the enzyme tyrosinase, crucial for melanin synthesis. Individuals with OCA1A typically have very light skin and hair, and they may experience vision problems due to the lack of pigment in the eyes. People with OCA1A are at a higher risk for sunburn and skin cancer due to their reduced melanin, which provides some protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Management of the condition often includes sun protection measures, regular eye examinations, and sometimes vision therapy. Early diagnosis and intervention can help improve quality of life for those affected by OCA1A.