The Nyaya School is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy, primarily focused on logic and epistemology. Founded by Gautama in the 2nd century BCE, it emphasizes the importance of reasoning and debate in understanding reality. The school aims to establish valid knowledge through a systematic approach, using tools like inference and testimony. Central to the Nyaya School is the concept of pramana, which refers to the means of obtaining knowledge. The school categorizes knowledge into four types: perception, inference, comparison, and testimony. This framework helps practitioners analyze arguments and discern truth from falsehood in philosophical discussions.