Nuclear programs refer to government initiatives focused on the development and management of nuclear technology. These programs can include the production of nuclear energy for electricity, research in nuclear science, and the development of nuclear weapons. Countries like the United States, Russia, and China have established extensive nuclear programs for various purposes, including energy security and national defense. The peaceful use of nuclear technology often involves the construction of nuclear power plants, which generate electricity with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. However, some nuclear programs are controversial due to concerns about nuclear proliferation, where the technology could be used to create nuclear weapons. International treaties, such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, aim to regulate and monitor these activities.