The November Revolution refers to a series of events in Germany in November 1918 that led to the end of the German Empire and the establishment of the Weimar Republic. It began with widespread unrest among workers and soldiers, who were dissatisfied with the ongoing effects of World War I. The revolution was marked by the abdication of Emperor Kaiser Wilhelm II and the proclamation of a republic. The revolution was driven by various socialist and workers' movements, including the Spartacist League, which sought to establish a socialist government. The unrest culminated in the formation of workers' councils, known as soviets, and significant political changes, ultimately leading to the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919.