Northwest Vietnam is a mountainous region known for its stunning landscapes and diverse ethnic cultures. It includes provinces like Lai Châu, Sơn La, and Điện Biên, which are characterized by terraced rice fields, lush valleys, and towering peaks. The area is popular for trekking and exploring traditional villages. The region is home to various ethnic groups, including the Hmong, Thai, and Muong, each with unique customs and traditions. The local economy is primarily based on agriculture, with rice, corn, and tea being significant crops. Northwest Vietnam also has historical significance, particularly related to the Battle of Điện Biên Phủ in 1954.