Nodes of Ranvier are small gaps in the myelin sheath that surrounds axons in neurons. These gaps are crucial for the rapid transmission of electrical signals along the nerve fibers. The myelin sheath acts as an insulator, allowing signals to jump from one node to the next, a process known as saltatory conduction. This jumping significantly increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction compared to unmyelinated fibers. The presence of ion channels at the nodes allows for the exchange of ions, which is essential for generating and propagating action potentials. This efficient signaling is vital for proper nervous system function.