The Nile River Valley is a fertile region in northeastern Africa, primarily located in Egypt and Sudan. It is formed by the Nile River, which is the longest river in the world, stretching about 4,135 miles. The valley is known for its rich soil, which supports agriculture and has been crucial for human settlement for thousands of years. The Nile River flows northward from Lake Victoria to the Mediterranean Sea, creating a narrow strip of arable land amidst the surrounding desert. This area has been home to ancient civilizations, including the Ancient Egyptians, who relied on the river for irrigation, transportation, and trade.