Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher known for his provocative ideas about morality, culture, and existence. He challenged traditional beliefs, famously declaring that "God is dead," which reflected his view that modern society had moved away from religious values. Nietzsche emphasized the importance of individualism and the idea of the Übermensch, or "Overman," who creates their own values and meaning in life. His works, such as Thus Spoke Zarathustra and Beyond Good and Evil, explore themes of power, creativity, and the human condition. Nietzsche's philosophy has influenced various fields, including literature, psychology, and existentialism, making him a pivotal figure in modern thought.