The "New Youth Movement" refers to a social and political movement that emerged in the early 20th century, primarily in China. It aimed to promote modern ideas, science, and democracy while challenging traditional Confucian values. This movement was significant in shaping the thoughts of young intellectuals and students, leading to a push for reform and modernization in Chinese society. Key figures in the New Youth Movement included Chen Duxiu and Lu Xun, who advocated for cultural and educational reforms. The movement also laid the groundwork for later political movements, including the May Fourth Movement in 1919, which further emphasized nationalism and social change.