The May Fourth Movement was a cultural and political movement that began on May 4, 1919, in China. It emerged in response to the country's dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles, which granted Japan control over Chinese territories. Students and intellectuals protested against foreign imperialism and called for national rejuvenation, modernization, and the rejection of traditional Confucian values. This movement marked a significant shift in Chinese society, leading to the rise of new ideologies, including Marxism and Nationalism. It also inspired the formation of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 and encouraged a wave of literary and artistic innovation, promoting a new cultural identity.