The term "New World" refers to the Americas, which were largely unknown to Europeans before the late 15th century. This discovery began with Christopher Columbus in 1492, leading to significant exploration and colonization by various European powers. The New World includes regions such as North America, South America, and the Caribbean. The New World was home to diverse indigenous cultures, including the Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas. The arrival of Europeans brought profound changes, including the exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases, known as the Columbian Exchange. This period significantly shaped the history and development of both the Americas and Europe.