"New Member States" refers to countries that have recently joined the European Union (EU). These nations typically underwent significant political and economic reforms to meet the EU's membership criteria, which include stable institutions, a functioning market economy, and adherence to the Copenhagen criteria. The most notable expansion of the EU occurred in 2004, when ten countries, including Poland, Hungary, and Czech Republic, became members. This enlargement aimed to promote stability and prosperity in Central and Eastern Europe and strengthen the EU's influence on the global stage.