Neuroglia, also known as glial cells, are non-neuronal cells in the nervous system that support and protect neurons. They play essential roles in maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and providing support and nutrition to neurons. Unlike neurons, neuroglia do not transmit electrical signals but are crucial for overall brain function. There are several types of neuroglia, including astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells. Each type has specific functions, such as repairing nervous tissue, insulating axons, and regulating blood flow in the brain. Together, these cells ensure the proper functioning of the nervous system.