Nebuchadnezzar II was a prominent king of the ancient Babylonian Empire, reigning from 605 to 562 BCE. He is best known for his military conquests, which expanded Babylon's territory and influence. His reign marked a period of great prosperity and cultural development, including the construction of impressive structures like the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. In addition to his architectural achievements, Nebuchadnezzar II is noted for his role in the Babylonian Exile, during which he captured Jerusalem and deported many Israelites to Babylon. His legacy is significant in both history and biblical accounts, where he is often depicted as a powerful and sometimes tyrannical ruler.