The Nayaks of Tanjore were a prominent dynasty that ruled parts of southern India, particularly the Tanjore region, from the 16th to the 18th centuries. They emerged after the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire and are known for their contributions to art, architecture, and culture. The Nayaks established several temples and palaces, showcasing intricate carvings and vibrant frescoes. Under the Nayak rule, Tanjore became a center for classical music and dance, particularly Bharatanatyam. The dynasty also supported scholars and artists, leading to a flourishing of literature and performing arts. Their legacy continues to influence the cultural landscape of Tamil Nadu today.