The Nayak dynasty was a prominent South Indian dynasty that ruled from the 16th to the 18th centuries. They were known for their contributions to art, architecture, and culture, particularly in the regions of modern-day Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The Nayaks were originally military commanders under the Vijayanagara Empire and later established their own kingdoms, with notable rulers like Chokkanatha Nayak and Rani Mangammal. The Nayak rulers were patrons of temple construction and renovation, leading to the development of grand temples such as the Meenakshi Temple in Madurai. They also promoted literature and music, fostering a rich cultural environment. The dynasty eventually declined due to internal strife and external pressures, paving the way for the rise of the British East India Company.