The National Solar Observatory (NSO) is a research facility in the United States dedicated to studying the Sun. It operates several telescopes and instruments to observe solar phenomena, such as sunspots, solar flares, and the solar magnetic field. The NSO aims to enhance our understanding of solar activity and its effects on space weather. Established in 1966, the NSO is part of the National Science Foundation and collaborates with various institutions. Its research contributes to the broader field of astrophysics and helps improve predictions of solar events that can impact Earth, including disruptions to satellite communications and power grids.