Nanostructures are materials that have been engineered at the nanoscale, typically between 1 to 100 nanometers in size. At this scale, the properties of materials can change significantly, leading to unique characteristics such as increased strength, lighter weight, and enhanced electrical or thermal conductivity. These structures can be found in various forms, including nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanotubes.
Nanostructures are used in a wide range of applications, from medicine to electronics. For example, in medicine, they can be utilized for targeted drug delivery, while in electronics, they improve the performance of devices like transistors and sensors. Their small size and large surface area make them highly effective in these fields.