The Nagoya Protocol is an international agreement aimed at ensuring fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. It was adopted in 2010 in Nagoya, Japan, as part of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The protocol establishes rules for access to genetic resources and the sharing of benefits, promoting conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. The protocol emphasizes the importance of obtaining prior informed consent from countries or communities providing genetic resources. It also encourages the establishment of legal frameworks to support the fair distribution of benefits, such as monetary compensation or technology transfer, fostering cooperation between countries and indigenous peoples.