Genetic resources refer to the genetic material found in plants, animals, and microorganisms that can be used for various purposes, including agriculture, medicine, and conservation. These resources are essential for breeding programs, helping to improve crop yields, disease resistance, and adaptability to changing environments. Conservation of genetic resources is crucial for maintaining biodiversity and ensuring food security. Organizations like the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) work to protect these resources, promoting sustainable practices and the sharing of genetic materials among countries to support global agricultural development.