The Nagorno-Karabakh War refers to a series of conflicts between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. This area is internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan but has a majority ethnic Armenian population. The most significant fighting occurred in the late 1980s and early 1990s, leading to a ceasefire in 1994, but tensions remained high. In 2020, a renewed conflict broke out, resulting in significant casualties and territorial changes. A ceasefire agreement brokered by Russia ended the fighting, but the underlying issues between the two nations remain unresolved, continuing to affect regional stability.