The muscles of the neck are essential for various functions, including movement, support, and stability of the head. They can be categorized into two main groups: the superficial muscles, which are involved in head and neck movement, and the deep muscles, which support the spine and maintain posture. Key muscles include the sternocleidomastoid, responsible for rotating and flexing the head, and the trapezius, which helps in shoulder movement and neck extension. These muscles also play a vital role in activities such as swallowing and breathing. The scalene muscles assist in elevating the first two ribs during inhalation, while the platysma contributes to facial expressions. Proper functioning of the neck muscles is crucial for overall mobility and daily activities, highlighting their importance in the human body.