Muqarnas is a decorative architectural element commonly found in Islamic architecture. It consists of a series of small, niche-like projections that create a three-dimensional effect, often used to transition between different architectural forms, such as from a square base to a dome. This intricate design adds depth and complexity to ceilings, vaults, and other surfaces. Typically made from materials like plaster, tile, or stone, muqarnas can be seen in various historical structures, including mosques and palaces. Its origins trace back to the Persian and Islamic architectural traditions, and it has evolved over centuries, showcasing the artistry and craftsmanship of different cultures.