The Mughal Emperors were a dynasty that ruled large parts of the Indian subcontinent from the early 16th to the 19th century. Founded by Babur in 1526, the empire is known for its rich cultural contributions, including advancements in art, architecture, and literature. Notable emperors include Akbar, who promoted religious tolerance, and Shah Jahan, famous for building the Taj Mahal. The Mughal Empire reached its peak under Aurangzeb, who expanded its territory significantly. However, by the late 17th century, the empire began to decline due to internal strife and external pressures, eventually leading to its dissolution by the British in the mid-19th century.